Amandla Emithetho KaKirchhoff

URafael Telles Igcine ukubuyekezwa ngo-Ephreli 14, 2021

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UGustav Robert Kirchhoff (Königsberg, Mashi 12, 1824-Berlin, Okthoba 17, 1887) wayengusosayensi waseJalimane, umnikelo wakhe omkhulu kwezesayensi emithethweni eyaziwayo yaseKirchhoff wagxila emkhakheni wamasekethe kagesi, umbono wamapuleti, i-optics, i-spectroscopy nokukhishwa kwemisebe yomzimba omnyama. " [eyodwa]

"Imithetho kaKirchhoff" [2] ibhekwa njengamandla nobudlelwano bamanje phakathi kwezakhi ezahlukahlukene zenethiwekhi kagesi.

Yimithetho emibili elula, kepha "inamandla", ngoba ihlangene ne Umthetho ka-Ohm Bavumela ukuxazulula amanethiwekhi kagesi, lokhu kukwazi amanani wamaza kanye namandla ezinto, ngaleyo ndlela bazi indlela yokuziphatha kwezinto ezisebenzayo nezingenzi lutho zenethiwekhi.

Sikumema ukuba ubone i-athikili ye- Umthetho ka-Ohm nezimfihlo zawo

Umthetho ka-Ohm nezimfihlo zawo kuyabhalwa — khamay.com

IMIBONO EYISISEKO Umthetho kaKirchhoff:

Kunethiwekhi kagesi izakhi zingaxhunywa ngezindlela ezehlukene ngokwesidingo nangokusetshenziswa kwenethiwekhi. Ekufundweni kwamanethiwekhi, kusetshenziswa amatemu afana namafindo noma ama-node, ama-meshes namagatsha. Bheka isithombe 1.

Inethiwekhi kagesi emthethweni kaKirchhoff:

Isifunda sakhiwe ngezinto ezahlukahlukene ezinjengezimoto, ama-capacitor, ukumelana, phakathi kwabanye.

Inodi:

Iphoyinti lokuxhuma phakathi kwezakhi. Ifanekiselwa iphuzu.

Rama:

Igatsha lenethiwekhi lingumqhubi lapho kuzungeza khona amandla kagesi afanayo. Igatsha lihlala liphakathi kwama-node amabili. Amagatsha afanekiselwa yimigqa.

Mesh:

Umgwaqo uvaliwe ngesekethe.

Umdwebo 1 Izinto zenethiwekhi kagesi (https://citeia.com/)

Ku-figure 2 kukhona inethiwekhi kagesi ene:

Ku-figure 2 (a) ama-meshes amabili: i-mesh yokuqala eyenza umzila i-ABCDA, kanye ne-mesh yesibili eyenza umzila we-BFECB. NgeNode emibili (2) ephuzwini B nephuzu elijwayelekile iDCE.

inethiwekhi kagesi 2 meshes yomthetho kaKirchhoff — Umdwebo 2 (A) 2-mesh, 2-node network network (https://citeia.com)

Ku-figure 2 (b) ungabona i-meshes 1 ne-2.

Amandla egridi yamandla — Umdwebo 2 B Meshes wenethiwekhi kagesi (https://citeia.com)

-FIRST UMTHETHO KIRCHOFF "Law of Currents noma Law of Node"

Umthetho wokuqala kaKirchhoff ubeka ukuthi "Isibalo se-algebraic yamandla emisinga endaweni engeyena zero" [3]. Ngokwezibalo imelwe yisisho (bheka ifomula 1):

Isamba se-algebraic semisinga ku-node singuziro — I-Formula 1 "Isamba se-algebraic yamandla emisinga endaweni engeyena uziro"

Ukufaka isicelo se- Kirchhoff Umthetho Wamanje ziyabukwa "Kuhle" imisinga engena endaweni engeyokuqala, futhi "Okubi" imisinga ephuma endaweni engeyokuqala. Isibonelo, kusibalo 3 kune-node enamagatsha ama-3, lapho amandla wamanje (if) no (i1) avumayo selokhu bangena ku-node, futhi amandla wamanje (i2), ashiya i-node, athathwa njengembi; Ngakho-ke, nge-node eku-figure 1, umthetho wamanje kaKirchhoff usungulwa njenge:

Umdwebo 3 Umthetho wamanje kaKirchhoff (https://citeia.com)

Qaphela - Isamba se-Algebraic: kuyinhlanganisela yokwengeza nokususa izinombolo eziphelele. Enye indlela yokwenza ukungezwa kwe-algebra ukwengeza izinombolo ezi-positive ngaphandle kwezinombolo ezingezinhle bese uzisusa. Isibonakaliso somphumela sincike ekutheni yiziphi izinombolo (okuthe ngqo noma okungekukhulu okukhulu).

Emithethweni kaKirchhoff, umthetho wokuqala usekelwe emthethweni wokongiwa kwemali ekhokhwayo, okusho ukuthi isamba se-algebraic yamanani kagesi ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi kagesi asishintshi. Ngakho-ke, akukho mali ekhokhwayo egcinwe kuma-node, ngakho-ke, isamba semisinga kagesi engena ku-node silingana nesamba samaza asishiyayo:

Ifomula 2 Umthetho wokuqala waseKirchhoff usekelwe emthethweni wokongiwa kwemali ekhokhwayo

Mhlawumbe ungaba nesithakazelo: Amandla Omthetho KaWatt

Umthetho we-Watt's (Izicelo - Ukuzivocavoca) ikhava yendatshana — khamay.com

Izinsimbi zokulinganisa zikagesi (Ohmmeter, Ammeter, Voltmeter) ikhava ye-athikili — khamay.com

-UMTHETHO WESIBILI KIRCHHOFF "Umthetho Wezinkinga "

Umthetho wesibili kaKirchhoff uthi "inani le-algebraic lezingcindezi eziseduze kwendlela evaliwe alikho" [3]. Ngokwezibalo imelwe yile nkulumo: (bheka ifomula 3)

Ku-Figure 4 kukhona i-network kagesi yemeshi: Kuyatholakal ukuthi i- “i” yamanje ijikeleza kule mesh ngendlela yewashi.

Umdwebo 4 inethiwekhi kagesi yemeshi (https://citeia.com)

-Ukuxazululwa kokuzivocavoca ngemithetho ye-KIRCHHOFF

Inqubo ejwayelekile

Nika umfudlana egatsheni ngalinye.
Umthetho wamanje kaKirchhoff usetshenziswa kuma-node wesifunda kususwa eyodwa.
Igama kanye ne-polarity kufakwa kumandla we-voltage ngayinye yokumelana nogesi.
Umthetho ka-Ohm wokuveza i-voltage njengomsebenzi wamandla kagesi.
Imeshini yenethiwekhi kagesi iyanqunywa futhi neKirchhoff's Voltage Law isetshenziswa kunetha ngalinye.
Sombulula uhlelo lwezibalo ezitholwe ngendlela yokufaka esikhundleni, umthetho kaCramer, noma enye indlela.

IZIVIVINYO EZINGAQHUBEKA:

Ukuzivocavoca 1. Inethiwekhi kagesi ikhombisa:
a) Inani lamagatsha, b) Inombolo yama-node, c) Inombolo yama-meshes.

Ukuzivocavoca komthetho kaKirchhoff — Umfanekiso 5 Inethiwekhi kagesi yokuzivocavoca 1 (https://citeia.com)

Isixazululo:

a) Inethiwekhi inamagatsha amahlanu. Kulesi sibalo esilandelayo igatsha ngalinye likhonjisiwe phakathi kwemigqa yamachashazi igatsha ngalinye:

Umdwebo 6 Isifunda sikagesi esinamagatsha amahlanu (https://citeia.com)

b) Inethiwekhi inezindawo ezintathu, njengoba kukhonjisiwe kumfanekiso olandelayo. Izindawo zikhonjisiwe phakathi kwemigqa yamachashazi:

Isekethe noma inethiwekhi kagesi enezindawo ezintathu — Umfanekiso 7 Inethiwekhi yesekethe noma kagesi enezindawo ezintathu (https://citeia.com)

c) Inetha linemesha engu-3, njengoba kukhonjisiwe kumfanekiso olandelayo:

Isekethe noma inethiwekhi kagesi ene-3 Meshes — Umdwebo 8 Inethiwekhi yesekethe noma kagesi enama-3 Meshes (https://citeia.com)

Ukuzivocavoca umzimba 2. Nquma i yamanje namanani wento ngayinye

Ukuzivocavoca umzimba ukuthola i-current ne-voltages yento ngayinye — Umdwebo 9 Ukuzivocavoca 2 (https://citeia.com)

Isixazululo:

Inethiwekhi kagesi iyimeshini, lapho ukujikeleza okukodwa kwamanje kujikeleza okubizwa ngokuthi "i". Ukuxazulula inethiwekhi kagesi sebenzisa ifayili le- Umthetho ka-Ohm ku-resistor ngayinye kanye nomthetho we-voltage kaKirchhoff on the mesh.

Umthetho ka-Ohm uthi i-voltage ilingana nobukhulu bezikhathi zamanje zikagesi inani lokumelana:

Ngakho-ke, ukumelana noR₁, amandla kagesi V_R1 es:

Umthetho we-Voltage R1 formula kirchhoff — I-Formula 4 Voltage R1

Ngokumelana no-R₂, amandla kagesi V_R2 es:

I-Voltage VR2 ngomthetho we-ohm ngamunye — I-Formula 5 Voltage VR2

Ukufaka i-Volch Law's Kirchhoff's Law on the mesh, okwenza umzila uhambe ngokwewashi:

Usebenzisa i-Volch Law's Kirchhoff's on the mesh, — IFomula 6 Usebenzisa umthetho weVoltage kaKirchhoff on the mesh,

Ukufaka lezi zingqinamba esinazo:

Umthetho kaVoltage kaKirchhoff kule mesh — I-Formula 7 Kirchhoff's Voltage Law in the mesh

Leli gama lidluliswa ngesibonakaliso esivumayo kolunye uhlangothi lokulingana, futhi amandla amanje ayasuswa:

Ingqikithi yamanje ekuchungechungeni wesekethe ngomthetho we-mesh emthethweni kaKirchhoff — I-Formula 8 Ingqikithi yamanje ochungechungeni lwesekethe ngomthetho we-mesh

Amanani omthombo wamandla kagesi kanye nokuphikiswa kukagesi kufakwe esikhundleni:

I-Formula 9 Inani lamanje eliphelele kusekethe yochungechunge

Amandla okugeleza kwenethiwekhi njengamanje ngukuthi: i = 0,1 A

I voltage ngaphesheya Resistor R₁ es:

Melana namandla weVR1 — I-Formula 10 Resistance Voltage VR1

I voltage ngaphesheya Resistor R₂ es:

Melana voltage VR2 — I-Formula 11 Resistance Voltage VR2

Umphumela:

IMIBUZO umthetho kaKirchhoff

Ukufundwa kweMithetho kaKirchhoff (umthetho kaKirchhoff njengamanje, umthetho kaKirchhoff's voltage), kanye noMthetho ka-Ohm, kuyizisekelo eziyisisekelo zokuhlaziywa kwanoma iyiphi inethiwekhi kagesi.

Ngomthetho wamanje kaKirchhoff othi isamba se-algebraic samaza endaweni engeyena u-zero, nomthetho we-voltage okhombisa ukuthi isamba se-algebraic yamanani we-mesh ayi-zero, ubudlelwano phakathi kwemisinga nezilinganiso bunqunywa kunoma iyiphi inethiwekhi kagesi wezinto ezimbili noma ngaphezulu.

Con el amplio uso de la electricidad en la industria, comercio, hogares, entre otros, las Leyes de Kirchhoff se utilizan diariamente para el estudio de infinidades de redes y sus aplicaciones.

Sikumema ukuthi ushiye imibono yakho, ukungabaza noma ucele ingxenye yesibili yalo mthetho obaluleke kakhulu we-KIRCHOFF futhi-ke ungabona okuthunyelwe kwethu kwangaphambilini njengo Izinsimbi zokulinganisa zikagesi (Ohmmeter, Voltmeter kanye ne-Ammeter)