He aha ke KANAWAI OHM? ➡️ E aʻo maʻalahi me nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa

Hoʻolauna i ke kānāwai ʻo Ohm:

Kānāwai ʻo Ohm ʻO ia kahi hoʻomaka no ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā hoʻokumu paʻa o ka uila. Mai kēia kuhi manaʻo he mea nui e kālailai i ka ʻōlelo o ke kānāwai ʻo Ohm ma ke ʻano hana maʻamau. Ma muli o ko mākou ʻike ma ke kula, hiki i ke kālailai ʻana o kēia kānāwai ke ʻae iā mākou e hoʻokō i ka moemoeā o nā limahana loea i kēia wahi. hana liʻiliʻi a hana hou, no ka mea me ka wehewehe pololei hiki iā mākou ke ʻike a kālailai i nā hewa uila. Ma loko o kēia ʻatikala e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kona koʻikoʻi, kumu, hoʻohana ʻana i nā noi a me nā mea huna e maopopo maikaʻi ai iā ia.

¿Na wai i ʻike i ke kānāwai o Ohm?

ʻO Georg simon ohm (Erlangen, Bavaria; Malaki 16, 1789-Munich, Iulai 6, 1854) he physicist a me ka makemakika Kelemania nāna i hāʻawi i ke kānāwai o Ohm i ke kumumanaʻo o ka uila. [1]. ʻIke ʻia ʻo Ohm no ke aʻo ʻana a me ka unuhi ʻana i ka pilina ma waena o ka ikaika o ke au uila, kona ikaika electromotive a me ke kūʻē ʻana, e hoʻokumu ana i ka makahiki 1827 i ke kānāwai i hāpai i kona inoa i ʻōlelo ʻia ʻI = V / R. Ua kapa ʻia ka mahele o ke kūʻē uila, ka ohm ma hope ona. [1] (e nānā i ke kiʻi 1)

ʻO Georg Simon Ohm a me kāna Law ʻo Ohm (citeia.com) — Hōʻike 1 ʻO Georg Simon Ohm a me kāna kānāwai ʻo Ohm (https://citeia.com)

He aha ka ʻōlelo a ke kānāwai Ohm?

La Kānāwai ʻo Ohm hoʻokumu: ʻO ka ikaika o ke au e hele ma waena o kahi kaapuni uila e kaulike pololei ia me ka uila a me ka uila (hiki ke ʻokoʻa V) a kūlike kūlike hoʻi i ke kūʻē uila i hōʻike ʻia (e nānā i ke kiʻi 2)

Ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēlā:

Ka nui	Hōʻailona kānāwai o Ohm	Mokuna o kahi ana	Role	Inā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo nei:
Pumehana	E	Volt (V)	ʻO ke kaomi i ke kahe o nā electrons	E = ka ikaika electromotive a i ʻole ka uila i hoʻokomo ʻia
Laka	I	ʻAihea (A)	Ka ikaika o ka uila	I = ikaika
Ke kū'ē	R	ʻŌm (Ω)	kaohi kahe	Ω = leka Helene omega

E= ʻOkoʻa Hiki Uila a i ʻole ka ikaika electromotive "kauā kula kahiko" (Volts "V").
I= Ka ikaika o ke au uila (Amperes “Amp.”)
R= Kū'ē Uila (Ohms “Ω”)

Kiʻi 2; ʻO ke Kumumanaʻo Loʻe Ohm (https://citeia.com)

He aha ke kānāwai a Ohm?

ʻO kēia kekahi o nā nīnau hoihoi loa a nā haumāna o ka uila / uila o nā pae mua e nīnau iā lākou iho, kahi a mākou e manaʻo ai e hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi loa ma mua o ka hoʻomau ʻana a i ʻole ka holomua ʻana me kahi kumuhana ʻē aʻe. E kālailai ana mākou i kēlā me kēia kaʻina: Uila ia'ku: ʻO ia ke kūʻē i ke kahe o ke kahe uila ma o ka mea alakaʻi. Uila uila: ʻO ke kahe o ka hoʻoili uila (electrons) e holo ma waena o kahi mea alakaʻi a mea paha. ʻO ke kahe o kēia manawa ka nui o ka uku no kēlā me kēia anakahi o ka manawa, ʻo kāna anakahi ana ka Ampere (Amp). ʻOkoʻa ʻokoʻa uila uila: He nui kino ia e helu ana i ka ʻokoʻa o ka hiki uila ma waena o nā helu ʻelua. Hiki ke ho'ākāka ʻia e like me ka hana no kēlā me kēia ʻāpana i hoʻoili ʻia e ka māla uila ma kahi huna i hoʻoili ʻia e neʻe iā ia ma waena o nā kūlana i hoʻoholo ʻia. ʻO kāna anakahi ana ka Volt (V).

ka hopena

Kānāwai ʻo Ohm ʻO ia ka mea pono nui no ke aʻo ʻana i nā kaʻa uila a me ke kumu paʻa no ke aʻo ʻana i ka ʻoihana uila a me nā uila ma nā pae āpau. ʻO ka hoʻolaʻa ʻana i ka manawa no ke kālailai ʻana, i kēia hihia i hoʻomohala ʻia i kēia ʻatikala (ma nā mea ʻoi loa), he mea nui e hoʻomaopopo a kālailai i nā mea huna no ka hoʻoponopono pilikia.

Ma hea e hiki ai iā mākou ke hoʻopau e like me ke kālailai ʻana i ke kānāwai ʻo Ohm:

ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻokoʻa hiki (V) a me ka haʻahaʻa o ke kūpaʻa (Ω): ʻO ka ʻoi aku ka nui o ka uila i kēia manawa (Amp).
ʻO ka haʻahaʻa o ka ʻokoʻa hiki (V) a me ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe (Ω): Ka liʻiliʻi o ka uila i kēia manawa (Amp).

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa e hoʻomaopopo a hoʻokō i ke kānāwai o Ohm

Hoʻohana maʻamau 1
Hoʻohana maʻamau 2
Hoʻohana maʻamau 3
Hoʻohana maʻamau 4
Hoʻohana maʻamau 5

Hoʻohana maʻamau 1

Ke noi nei i ka Kānāwai ʻo Ohm Ma ke kaapuni aʻe (helu 3) me kahi kū'ē R1= 10 Ω a me ka ʻokoʻa kūpono E1= 12V e pili ana i ke kānāwai Ohm, ʻo ka hopena: I=E1/R1 I= 12V/10 Ω I = 1.2 Amp.

Kiʻi 3 Kaapuni uila maʻamau (https://citeia.com)

Nānā Kānāwai ʻo Ohm (Eia 1)

No ke kālailai ʻana i ke kānāwai ʻo Ohm e neʻe ʻaneʻane mākou i ka Kerepakupai Merú a i ʻole Angel Falls (Kerepakupai Merú ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekane ʻo Pemón, ʻo ia hoʻi "lele mai kahi hohonu loa"), ʻo ia ka wailele kiʻekiʻe loa ma ka honua, me kahi kiʻekiʻe o 979 m (807 m o ka hāʻule ʻole o ka hāʻule ʻana), hoʻomaka ʻia i ka Auyantepuy. Aia ia ma ka Canaima National Park, Bolívar, Venezuela [2]. (e nānā i ke kiʻi 4)

ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka lele a ka ʻānela a me ke kānāwai ʻo Ohm — Kiʻi 4. Ke kālailai ʻana i ko Law Ohm (https://citeia.com)

Inā mākou e noʻonoʻo e hoʻokō i kahi kālailai e noi ana i ka Kānāwai ʻo Ohm, ke hana nei i kēia mau manaʻo:

ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe Cascade ma ke ʻano he ʻokoʻa hiki.
ʻO nā pale wai i ka hāʻule e like me ke kūpaʻa.
ʻO ke kahe kahe o ka wai o ka Cascade ma ke ʻano o ka uila uila

Hana 2:

I kahi like virtual ʻike mākou i kahi kaapuni e laʻa mai ka kiʻi 5:

Loiloi kānāwai ʻo Ohm — Hōʻike 5 Nānā i ka lay o Ohm 1 (https://citeia.com)

Aia E1= 979V a me R1=100 Ω I=E1/R1 I= 979V/100 Ω I= 9.79 Amp.

citeia.com

Nānā Kānāwai ʻo Ohm (Eia 2)

I kēia manawa i kēia virtualization, no ka laʻana, inā neʻe mākou i kahi wailele ʻē aʻe e laʻa me: ʻO ka Iguazú Falls, ma ka palena ma waena o Brazil a me Argentina, ma Guaraní Iguazú ʻo ia hoʻi "wai nui", a ʻo ia ka inoa o nā kamaʻāina maoli o ka Hema. ʻO Cone mai ʻAmelika lākou i hāʻawi ai i ka muliwai e hānai ana i nā wailele nui loa ma Latin America, kekahi o nā mea kupaianaha o ka honua. Eia nō naʻe, i nā kauwela hou ua loaʻa iā lākou nā pilikia me ke kahe o ka wai. [3] (e nānā i ke kiʻi 6)

hoʻohālikelike ʻike kamepiula ʻo Iguazu Falls me ke kānāwai o ohm — Kiʻi 6 Ke kālailai ʻana i kā Law Ohm (https://citeia.com)

Hana 3:

Ma hea mākou e manaʻo ai i kēia ʻikepili ʻike E1 = 100V a me R1 = 1000 Ω (e nānā i ke kiʻi 7) I = E1 / R1 ʻI = 100V / 1000 Ω I = 0.1 Amp.

Nānā kānāwai ʻo Ohm 2 — Hōʻike 7 Nānā i ke kānāwai ʻo Ohm 2 (https://citeia.com)

Nānā Kānāwai ʻo Ohm (Eia 3)

No kēia laʻana, hiki i kekahi o kā mākou poʻe heluhelu ke nīnau, a he aha ka loiloi inā hoʻomaikaʻi nā kūlana kaiapuni i ka wailele ʻo Iguazú (a mākou e manaʻo nei e lilo ia i ka hihia, e hoʻomanaʻo ana i nā mea āpau i ke ʻano he kaulike). I loko o ka ʻikepili virtual, manaʻo mākou he mea mau ke kūʻē ʻana o ka honua (i ka hele ʻana o ke kahe) i ke kumumanaʻo, ʻo E ka ʻokoʻa hiki ke hōʻiliʻili i ka upstream kahi e loaʻa ai iā mākou ke kahe a i ʻole i kā mākou hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka ikaika o kēia manawa (I. ), he laʻana: (e nānā i ka helu 8)

Ke hoʻohālikelike nei i ka wailele ʻo Iguazú a me kahi moe a Ohm — ʻike helu 8 o ke kānāwai ʻo Ohm 3 (https://citeia.com)

citeia.com

Hana 4:

Na ke kānāwai ʻo Ohm, inā mākou e hoʻonui i ka ʻokoʻa hiki a i ʻole hōʻiliʻili paha i kāna ikaika uila, e mālama ana i ke kūpaʻa mau ʻana ʻo E1 = 700V a me R1 = 1000 Ω (e nānā i ke kiʻi 9)

I = E1 / R1
ʻI = 700V / 1000 Ω
I = 0.7 Amp

Nānā mākou ke piʻi nei ka ikaika o kēia manawa (Amp) i ke kaapuni.

kaapuni uila — Hōʻike 9 i ka ʻikepili o ko Ohm kānāwai 4 (https://citeia.com)

Ke kālailai ʻana i kā Law Ohm e hoʻomaopopo ai i kāna mau huna

Ke hoʻomaka ʻoe e hoʻopaʻa i ke kānāwai ʻo Ohm, haʻohaʻo ka poʻe he nui, pehea e hiki ai i kahi kānāwai maʻalahi ke loaʻa i kahi huna? I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻohe mea huna inā mākou e kālailai iā ia i ke kikoʻī ma kona mau wēlau. I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole ka nānā pono ʻana i ke kānāwai me ka pololei, no ka laʻana, hoʻolilo iā mākou i disassemble i kahi kaapuni uila (i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, kahi mīkini ma kahi pae ʻoihana) ke hiki ke lilo i kaula uila a i ʻole nā mea hoʻopili. E kālailai ana mākou i kēlā me kēia hihia.

Nānā 1 (Open circuit):

Ka Ikepili o kahi kaʻapuni uila hāmama — Hōʻike 10 Wehe i ka uila uila (https://citeia.com)

Inā mākou e kālailai i ke kaapuni ma ke kiʻi 10, e ke kānāwai ʻo Ohm ka lako mana E1 = 10V a ʻo ke kūʻē ʻana i kēia hihia he insulator (ea) e kū mau ana ∞. No laila, loaʻa iā mākou:

ʻI = E1 / R
ʻI = 10V / ∞ Ω

Ma kahi o kēia manawa e lilo ai ʻo 0 Amp.

Nānā 2 (pōkole ke kaʻapuni):

Ka Ikepili o kahi pōkole uila pōkole — Hōʻike 11 Kaapuni uila ma ka pōʻai pōkole (https://citeia.com)

I kēia hihia (helu 11) ʻo ka lako mana ʻo E = 10V, akā ʻo ke kūʻē he alakaʻi alakaʻi i loaʻa i ka manaʻo 0Ω, no laila ma kēia hihia a pōʻai pōkole.

ʻI = E1 / R
ʻI = 10V / 0 Ω

Ma hea ke ʻano palena ʻole o ke aniani i kēia manawa (∞) Amp. He aha ka mea e huakaʻi ai i nā ʻōnaehana pale (fuse), ʻoiai i kā mākou polokalamu simulate i hoʻonāukiuki i ka makaʻala a me nā haʻalulu hewa. ʻOiai i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo he ʻōnaehana pale a me nā limiter o kēia manawa nā paikini o kēia manawa, paipai mākou i kā mākou poʻe heluhelu e nānā i nā pilina a pale i nā kaapuni pōkole (nā pakika, inā holo pono ʻole kā lākou ʻōnaehana pale, hiki ke pahū iā "Caution").

Nānā 3 (pili a i ʻole nā pae uila)

Inā makaʻu mākou i ke kaapuni uila i kahi kumu mana E1 = 10V a me R1 = 10 Ω pono mākou e ke kānāwai Ohm;

Hana 5:

I = E1 / R1
ʻI = 10V / 10 Ω
I = 1 Amp

I kēia manawa ke kuhi nei mākou i ka pōʻaiapili he hewa kā mākou no ka uea (uhaʻi i loko a naha paha) a i ʻole pili maikaʻi, e laʻa me ka helu 12

wāwahi kaula uha naha — Hōʻike 12 Kaapuni me ka hewa kaawale o loko (https://citeia.com)

E like me kā mākou i loiloi ai me kahi resistor hāmama, e loaʻa kahi ʻano like me ka conductor i hōʻino ʻia a haki paha. Ka ikaika o ka uila = 0 Amp. Akā inā wau e nīnau iā ʻoe i ka ʻāpana (helu 13) i hōʻino ʻia ʻo A a me B a pehea lākou e hoʻoholo ai?

Pana a wāwahi uea kaapuni uea 'ana — Hōʻike 13 Ka nānā ʻana i ka huakai kaapuni me ke kaula uila i hōʻino ʻia a i ʻole internal (https://citeia.com)

He ʻoiaʻiʻo kāu e pane ai, e ana i ka hoʻomau a ʻike wale i kahi o nā kaula i hōʻino (no laila pono mākou e hemo i nā ʻāpana a hoʻopau i ka lako o E1), akā no kēia kālailai e manaʻo mākou ʻaʻole hiki ke kumu. hoʻopau ʻia a wehe paha i kekahi uwea, i kēia manawa ua hoihoi hou ʻia ke anamanaʻo? Hoʻokahi koho e kau i kahi voltmeter i ka lua o ke kaapuni e like me ke kiʻi 14

KaʻIkepili Kaapuni Faulty E hoʻohana ana i ke kānāwai o Ohm — Hōʻike 14 Fault Circuit Analysis (https://citeia.com)

Inā hoʻohana ʻia ke kumuwaiwai, pono ka voltmeter e hōʻailona i ka anakahi uila paʻamau i kēia hihia 10V.

Ke kālailai ʻana i nā hewa kaapuni uila me ke kānāwai o Ohm — Hōʻike 15 Hoʻolaha Kaapuni Faulty na ke kānāwai a Ohm (https://citeia.com)

Inā mākou e kau i ka voltmeter i ka lua o Resistor R1, ʻo 0V ka voltage inā mākou e kālailai iā ia Kānāwai ʻo Ohm Loaʻa iā mākou:

VR1 = ʻI x R1
Kahi I = 0 Amp
Makaʻu mākou iā VR1 = 0 Amp x 10 Ω = 0V

e kālailai ana i ka hewa o ka ueaea e ke kānāwai ʻo Ohm — Hōʻike 16 e nānā nei i ka holo pono ʻole o ka uea e ke kānāwai ʻo Ohm (https://citeia.com)

I kēia manawa inā mākou e kau i ka voltmeter i ka lua o ka uea i hōʻino ʻia e loaʻa iā mākou ka uila o ka lako mana, no ke aha?

No ka mea = 0 Amp, ke kūʻē R1 (ʻaʻohe mea kūʻē mai ka wā uila i hana i kahi honua ʻike) e like me kā mākou i kālailai mua VR1 = 0V No laila mākou i loko o ka uwea poino (ma keia hihia) ka Voltage o ka mana lako.

V (uea poino) = E1 - VR1
V (uea ʻino) = 10 V - 0 V = 10V

Ke kono aku nei au iā ʻoe e waiho i kāu mau manaʻo a me nā kānalua e pane maoli mākou. Hiki iā ia ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike i nā hewa uila i kā mākou ʻatikala ma Uila ana uila (Ohmmeter, Voltmeter, Ammeter)

Hiki iā ia ke lawelawe iā ʻoe:

Nānā:[1] [2] [3]

ʻO ke kānāwai ʻo Ohm a me kāna mau mea huna [STATEMENT]

Hoʻolauna i ke kānāwai ʻo Ohm:

¿Na wai i ʻike i ke kānāwai o Ohm?