Hoʻolauna i ke kānāwai ʻo Ohm:
Kānāwai ʻo Ohm ʻO ia kahi hoʻomaka no ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā hoʻokumu paʻa o ka uila. Mai kēia kuhi manaʻo he mea nui e kālailai i ka ʻōlelo o ke kānāwai ʻo Ohm ma ke ʻano hana maʻamau. Ma muli o ko mākou ʻike ma ke kula, hiki i ke kālailai ʻana o kēia kānāwai ke ʻae iā mākou e hoʻokō i ka moemoeā o nā limahana loea i kēia wahi. hana liʻiliʻi a hana hou, no ka mea me ka wehewehe pololei hiki iā mākou ke ʻike a kālailai i nā hewa uila. Ma loko o kēia ʻatikala e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kona koʻikoʻi, kumu, hoʻohana ʻana i nā noi a me nā mea huna e maopopo maikaʻi ai iā ia.¿Na wai i ʻike i ke kānāwai o Ohm?
ʻO Georg simon ohm (Erlangen, Bavaria, Malaki 16, 1789-Munich, Iulai 6, 1854) he kanaka physicist Kelemānia a me ka makemakika nāna i hāʻawi i ke kānāwai o Ohm i ka manaʻo o ka uila.[1]. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Ohm no ke aʻo ʻana a me ka wehewehe ʻana i ka pilina ma waena o ka ikaika o kahi au uila, kona ikaika electromotive a me ke kū'ē ʻana, i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka makahiki 1827 i ke kānāwai i kapa ʻia kona inoa, e hoʻokumu ana i kēlā. ʻI = V / R. Ua kapa ʻia ka mahele o ke kūʻē uila, ka ohm ma hope ona. [1] (e nānā i ke kiʻi 1)He aha ka ʻōlelo a ke kānāwai Ohm?
La Kānāwai ʻo Ohm hoʻokumu: ʻO ka ikaika o ke au e hele ma waena o kahi kaapuni uila e kaulike pololei ia me ka uila a me ka uila (hiki ke ʻokoʻa V) a kūlike kūlike hoʻi i ke kūʻē uila i hōʻike ʻia (e nānā i ke kiʻi 2)Ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēlā:
Ka nui | Hōʻailona kānāwai o Ohm | Mokuna o kahi ana | Role | Inā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo nei: |
---|---|---|---|---|
Pumehana | E | Volt (V) | ʻO ke kaomi i ke kahe o nā electrons | E = ka ikaika electromotive a i ʻole ka uila i hoʻokomo ʻia |
Laka | I | ʻAihea (A) | Ka ikaika o ka uila | I = ikaika |
Ke kū'ē | R | ʻŌm (Ω) | kaohi kahe | Ω = leka Helene omega |
- E= ʻOkoʻa Hiki Uila a i ʻole ka ikaika electromotive "kauā kula kahiko" (Volts "V").
- I= Ka ikaika o ke au uila (Amperes “Amp.”)
- R= Kū'ē Uila (Ohms “Ω”)
He aha ke kānāwai a Ohm?
ʻO kēia kekahi o nā nīnau hoihoi loa a nā haumāna o ka uila / uila o nā pae mua e nīnau iā lākou iho, kahi a mākou e manaʻo ai e hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi loa ma mua o ka hoʻomau ʻana a i ʻole ka holomua ʻana me kahi kumuhana ʻē aʻe. E kālailai ana mākou i kēlā me kēia kaʻina: Uila ia'ku: ʻO ia ke kūʻē i ke kahe o ke kahe uila ma o ka mea alakaʻi. Uila uila: ʻO ke kahe o ka hoʻoili uila (electrons) e holo ma waena o kahi mea alakaʻi a mea paha. ʻO ke kahe o kēia manawa ka nui o ka uku no kēlā me kēia anakahi o ka manawa, ʻo kāna anakahi ana ka Ampere (Amp). ʻOkoʻa ʻokoʻa uila uila: He nui kino ia e helu ana i ka ʻokoʻa o ka hiki uila ma waena o nā helu ʻelua. Hiki ke ho'ākāka ʻia e like me ka hana no kēlā me kēia ʻāpana i hoʻoili ʻia e ka māla uila ma kahi huna i hoʻoili ʻia e neʻe iā ia ma waena o nā kūlana i hoʻoholo ʻia. ʻO kāna anakahi ana ka Volt (V).ka hopena
Kānāwai ʻo Ohm ʻO ia ka mea pono nui no ke aʻo ʻana i nā kaʻa uila a me ke kumu paʻa no ke aʻo ʻana i ka ʻoihana uila a me nā uila ma nā pae āpau. ʻO ka hoʻolaʻa ʻana i ka manawa no ke kālailai ʻana, i kēia hihia i hoʻomohala ʻia i kēia ʻatikala (ma nā mea ʻoi loa), he mea nui e hoʻomaopopo a kālailai i nā mea huna no ka hoʻoponopono pilikia.
Ma hea e hiki ai iā mākou ke hoʻopau e like me ke kālailai ʻana i ke kānāwai ʻo Ohm:
- ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻokoʻa hiki (V) a me ka haʻahaʻa o ke kūpaʻa (Ω): ʻO ka ʻoi aku ka nui o ka uila i kēia manawa (Amp).
- ʻO ka haʻahaʻa o ka ʻokoʻa hiki (V) a me ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe (Ω): Ka liʻiliʻi o ka uila i kēia manawa (Amp).
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa e hoʻomaopopo a hoʻokō i ke kānāwai o Ohm
Hoʻohana maʻamau 1
Ke noi nei i ka Kānāwai ʻo Ohm Ma ke kaapuni aʻe (helu 3) me kahi kū'ē R1= 10 Ω a me ka ʻokoʻa kūpono E1= 12V e pili ana i ke kānāwai Ohm, ʻo ka hopena: I=E1/R1 I= 12V/10 Ω I = 1.2 Amp.Nānā Kānāwai ʻo Ohm (Eia 1)
No ke kālailai ʻana i ke kānāwai ʻo Ohm e neʻe ʻaneʻane mākou i ka Kerepakupai Merú a i ʻole Angel Falls (Kerepakupai Merú ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekane ʻo Pemón, ʻo ia hoʻi "lele mai kahi hohonu loa"), ʻo ia ka wailele kiʻekiʻe loa ma ka honua, me kahi kiʻekiʻe o 979 m (807 m o ka hāʻule ʻole o ka hāʻule ʻana), hoʻomaka ʻia i ka Auyantepuy. Aia ia ma ka Canaima National Park, Bolívar, Venezuela [2]. (e nānā i ke kiʻi 4) Inā mākou e noʻonoʻo e hoʻokō i kahi kālailai e noi ana i ka Kānāwai ʻo Ohm, ke hana nei i kēia mau manaʻo:- ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe Cascade ma ke ʻano he ʻokoʻa hiki.
- ʻO nā pale wai i ka hāʻule e like me ke kūpaʻa.
- ʻO ke kahe kahe o ka wai o ka Cascade ma ke ʻano o ka uila uila
Hana 2:
I kahi like virtual ʻike mākou i kahi kaapuni e laʻa mai ka kiʻi 5:Nānā Kānāwai ʻo Ohm (Eia 2)
I kēia manawa i kēia virtualization, no ka laʻana, inā neʻe mākou i kahi wailele ʻē aʻe e laʻa me: ʻO ka Iguazú Falls, ma ka palena ma waena o Brazil a me Argentina, ma Guaraní Iguazú ʻo ia hoʻi "wai nui", a ʻo ia ka inoa o nā kamaʻāina maoli o ka Hema. ʻO Cone mai ʻAmelika lākou i hāʻawi ai i ka muliwai e hānai ana i nā wailele nui loa ma Latin America, kekahi o nā mea kupaianaha o ka honua. Eia nō naʻe, i nā kauwela hou ua loaʻa iā lākou nā pilikia me ke kahe o ka wai. [3] (e nānā i ke kiʻi 6)Hana 3:
Ma kahi a mākou e manaʻo ai ʻo E1= 100V a me R1=1000 Ω (e nānā i ka helu 7) I=E1/R1 I= 100V/1000 Ω I= 0.1 Amp.Nānā Kānāwai ʻo Ohm (Eia 3)
No kēia laʻana, hiki i kekahi o kā mākou poʻe heluhelu ke nīnau, a he aha ka loiloi inā hoʻomaikaʻi nā kūlana kaiapuni i ka wailele ʻo Iguazú (a mākou e manaʻo nei e lilo ia i ka hihia, e hoʻomanaʻo ana i nā mea āpau i ke ʻano he kaulike). I loko o ka ʻikepili virtual, manaʻo mākou he mea mau ke kūʻē ʻana o ka honua (i ka hele ʻana o ke kahe) i ke kumumanaʻo, ʻo E ka ʻokoʻa hiki ke hōʻiliʻili i ka upstream kahi e loaʻa ai iā mākou ke kahe a i ʻole i kā mākou hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka ikaika o kēia manawa (I. ), he laʻana: (e nānā i ka helu 8)Hana 4:
Na ke kānāwai ʻo Ohm, inā mākou e hoʻonui i ka ʻokoʻa hiki a i ʻole hōʻiliʻili paha i kāna ikaika uila, e mālama ana i ke kūpaʻa mau ʻana ʻo E1 = 700V a me R1 = 1000 Ω (e nānā i ke kiʻi 9)- I = E1 / R1
- ʻI = 700V / 1000 Ω
- I = 0.7 Amp
Ke kālailai ʻana i kā Law Ohm e hoʻomaopopo ai i kāna mau huna
Ke hoʻomaka ʻoe e hoʻopaʻa i ke kānāwai ʻo Ohm, haʻohaʻo ka poʻe he nui, pehea e hiki ai i kahi kānāwai maʻalahi ke loaʻa i kahi huna? I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻohe mea huna inā mākou e kālailai iā ia i ke kikoʻī ma kona mau wēlau. I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole ka nānā pono ʻana i ke kānāwai me ka pololei, no ka laʻana, hoʻolilo iā mākou i disassemble i kahi kaapuni uila (i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, kahi mīkini ma kahi pae ʻoihana) ke hiki ke lilo i kaula uila a i ʻole nā mea hoʻopili. E kālailai ana mākou i kēlā me kēia hihia.Nānā 1 (Open circuit):
- ʻI = E1 / R
- ʻI = 10V / ∞ Ω
Nānā 2 (pōkole ke kaʻapuni):
- ʻI = E1 / R
- ʻI = 10V / 0 Ω
Nānā 3 (pili a i ʻole nā pae uila)
Inā makaʻu mākou i ke kaapuni uila i kahi kumu mana E1 = 10V a me R1 = 10 Ω pono mākou e ke kānāwai Ohm;Hana 5:
- I = E1 / R1
- ʻI = 10V / 10 Ω
- I = 1 Amp
- VR1 = ʻI x R1
- Kahi I = 0 Amp
- Makaʻu mākou iā VR1 = 0 Amp x 10 Ω = 0V
I kēia manawa inā mākou e kau i ka voltmeter i ka lua o ka uea i hōʻino ʻia e loaʻa iā mākou ka uila o ka lako mana, no ke aha?
No ka mea = 0 Amp, ke kūʻē R1 (ʻaʻohe mea kūʻē mai ka wā uila i hana i kahi honua ʻike) e like me kā mākou i kālailai mua VR1 = 0V No laila mākou i loko o ka uwea poino (ma keia hihia) ka Voltage o ka mana lako.- V (uea poino) = E1 - VR1
- V (uea ʻino) = 10 V - 0 V = 10V
Hiki iā ia ke lawelawe iā ʻoe:
- Ka Mana o ko Watt Law
- Nā Mana o ko KIRCHHOFF Kānāwai
- Ke kānāwai a Joule, me nā hana kūpono a me kā lākou noi.
Nānā:[1] [2] [3]