BERNOULLI Misimboti- Exercises

Musayendisiti, Daniel Bernoulli, akakwidziridzwa muna 1738, chirevo chine zita rake, icho chinosimbisa hukama hwekumhanyisa kwemvura uye nekumanikidza kwainoita, apo mvura yacho iri kufamba. Fluid inowanzo mhanyisa mumapombi akatetepa.

Izvo zvakare zvinofunga kuti, kuitira mvura inoyerera inofamba, simba rinoshandurwa nguva yega yega nzvimbo inochinjika yepombi painoshanduka, ichiratidza muBernoulli Equation, hukama hwemasvomhu pakati pemhando dzesimba idzo dziya dzinofamba.

Iko kushandiswa kweBernoulli musimboti kune akasiyana siyana epamba, ezvokutengeserana nemaindasitiri maficha, senge mune chimney, mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene, kuyerera metres, Venturi machubhu, injini carburettors, suction makapu, kusimudza ndege, ozonator emvura, zvigadzirwa zvemazino, pakati pevamwe. Ndiyo hwaro hwekudzidza hydrodynamics uye fluid mechanics.

ZVINOKOSHA ZVINOKOSHA kuti unzwisise Misimboti yaBernoulli

NdakavakokaNgatione chinyorwa che Iko kupisa kweMutemo waJoule "Zvishandiso - Exercises"

Urume:

Seti yemamorekuru akapatsanurwa ayo akabatwa pamwechete neasina kusimba masimba akabatana uye nemauto anowanikwa nemadziro emudziyo, isina vhoriyamu yakatsanangurwa. Ose emvura uye magasi anoonekwa semvura. Mukudzidza kwehunhu hwemvura, kuongororwa kwemvura munzvimbo yekuzorora (hydrostatic) uye mvura inofamba (hydrodynamics) inowanzoitwa. Ona mufananidzo 1.

Tinokukoka iwe kuti uone iyo chinyorwa Thermodynamic Misimboti

Misa:

Kuyera kweiyo inertia kana kuramba kushandura kufamba kwemuviri unoyerera. Kuyerwa kwehuwandu hwemvura, inoyerwa mu kg.

Weight:

Simba iro iro mvura inokwezva pasi ne chiito chegiravhiti. Inoyerwa muN, lbm.ft / s².

Kuwandisa:

Huwandu hwehukuru pauniti vhoriyamu yechinhu. Inoyerwa mu kg / m³.

Kuyerera:

Vhoriyamu yeyuniti yenguva, mu m3 / s.

Pressure:

Huwandu hwesimba rinoshandiswa panzvimbo yeyuniti yechinhu, kana pamusoro. Iyo inoyerwa muPascal kana psi, pakati pezvimwe zvikamu.

Viscosity:

Kuramba kwemvura kuyerera, nekuda kwemukati kukakavara. Iyo yakakwira iyo viscosity, kudzikira kuyerera. Inosiyana nekumanikidza uye tembiricha.

Energy Kuchengetedza Mutemo:

Simba harigadzwe kana kuparadzwa, rinoshandurwa kuita imwe mhando yesimba.

Kuenderera mberi equation:

Mune pombi ine madhaimita akasiyana, ine kuyerera nguva dzose, kune hukama pakati penzvimbo nekumhanyisa kwemvura. Iwo ma velocities ari inversely akaenzana kune anoyambuka-chikamu chikamu pombi. [1]. Ona mufananidzo 2.

Nheyo yaBernoulli

Chirevo cheBernoulli's Nheyo

Nheyo yaBernoulli inosimbisa hukama pakati pevelocity uye kumanikidzwa kwemvura inoyerera. Nheyo yaBernoulli inotaura kuti, mune furuu inofamba, nekumhanyisa kwemvura ichiwedzera, kumanikidza kunodzikira. Yekumhanyisa mapoinzi mapoinzi achave neushoma kumanikidza. [piri]. Ona mufananidzo 2.

Kana chinoyerera chichifamba nepombi, kana iyo pombi iine kudzikiswa (diki dhayamita), inoyerera inofanira kuwedzera kumhanya kwayo kuchengetedza kuyerera, uye kumanikidza kwayo kunodzikira. Ona mufananidzo 4.

Zvishandiso zveBernoulli's Nheyo

Carburetor:

Mudziyo, mune peturu-inowaniswa injini, uko mweya nemafuta zvakasanganiswa. Sezvo mweya uchipfuura nepakati pevharuvhu yekumanikidza, kumanikidza kwayo kunodzikira. Nekuderera uku mukumanikidza peturu inotanga kuyerera, pakudzvinyirira kwakadaro inopisa uye inosanganisa nemhepo. [3]. Ona mufananidzo 5.

Ndege:

Zvekubhururuka kwendege, mapapiro akagadzirwa kuitira kuti simba rinonzi "simudza" riitwe, zvichigadzira musiyano wekumanikidza pakati pechikamu chepamusoro nechezasi chemapapiro. Mumufananidzo 6 unogona kuona imwe yemapapiro emapapiro ndege. Mhepo inopfuura nepasi pebapiro renhandare inowanzopatsanura ichigadzira kumanikidza kukuru, nepo mweya unopfuura pamusoro pebapiro unofamba chinhambwe nekukasira kukuru. Sezvo kumanikidza kwakanyanya kuri pasi pe bapiro, simba rekusimudza rinoguma iro rinosimudzira bapiro kumusoro

Ngarava inofambisa:

Icho chigadzirwa chinoshandiswa sechinhu chinopinza pazvikepe. Iwo mafambisi ane akateedzana emazai akagadzirwa kuitira kuti kana propell ichitenderera, musiyano wekumhanya unogadzirwa pakati pezviso zvemazaya, uye nekudaro mutsauko wekumanikidza (Bernoulli mhedzisiro). Al. Musiyano wekumanikidza unoburitsa simba rinosundira, zvakaringana nendege yeapuroferi, iyo inosimudzira chikepe. Ona mufananidzo 7.

Kubhabhatidza:

Paunofambisa maoko ako pakushambira, pane musiyano wekumanikidza pakati pechanza uye neshure kweruoko. Muchanza cheruoko, mvura inopfuura nekumhanya kwakadzika uye kumanikidza kwakanyanya (musimboti waBernoulli), ichibva ne "simba rekusimudza" zvinoenderana nemusiyano wekumanikidza pakati pechanza nekuseri kweruoko. Ona mufananidzo 8.

Kuenzanisa kwesimba raBernoulli

Kuenzanisa kwaBernoulli kunotibvumidza isu kuita masvomhu kuongorora madzihwa ari kufamba. Nheyo yaBernoulli inomuka, masvomhu, zvichibva mukuchengetedza kwesimba, iyo inoti simba harigadzike kana kuparadzwa, rinoshandurwa kuita imwe mhando yesimba. Kinetic, inogona uye inoyerera simba inoonekwa se:

• Kinetics: zvinoenderana nekumhanyisa uye hure hwemvura
• Zvichida: nekuda kwehurefu, zvine chekuita nereferensi nhanho
• Kuyerera kana kumanikidza: simba rinotakurwa nema mamorekuru eiyo fluid pavanofamba pamwe nepombi. Ona mufananidzo 9.

Simba rakazara rine chinoyerera ndiyo huwandu hwesimba rekuyerera kwekuyerera, iro simba reinetic uye simba rinogoneka. Nemutemo weKuchengetedza kweMagetsi, simba remvura kuburikidza nepombi rakaenzana nenzvimbo nekubuda. Huwandu hwesimba panzvimbo yekutanga, panopinza pombi, hwakaenzana neuwandu hwesimba riri pakubuda. [1]. Ona mufananidzo 10.

Zvipingamupinyi zveBernoulli Equation

• Izvo zvinongoshanda chete kune zvisinganzwisisike mvura.
• Izvo hazvitore kufunga nezvezvishandiso zvinowedzera simba kuhurongwa.
• Kuchenesa kupisa hakufungiwe (mune yekutanga equation).
• Iyo yepamusoro zvinhu haina kutarisirwa (Iko hakuna kukakavara kurasikirwa).

Exercise

Kuunza mvura kuburiro repiri reimba, pombi yakafanana neiya inoratidzwa mumufananidzo 11. Zvinodikanwa kuti, panobuda pombi, iri pamamita matatu pamusoro pevhu, mvura ine velocity yemamita mashanu. / s, nedzvinyiriro yakaenzana ne3 Pa. Ndeipi inofanira kunge iri iyo kumhanyisa uye kumanikidza uko iyo mvura inofanira kupomba? Mumufananidzo 5 iyo inlet yemvura inoratidzirwa se poindi 50.000 uye pombi yemvura iri mupombi yakatetepa se poindi 10.

Solution

Kuti uone velocity v1, iyo yekuenderera equation inoshandiswa panopinda pombi. Ona mufananidzo 12.

Iyo Bernoulli equation ichashandiswa kuverenga kumanikidza kune inlet P1, sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo 13.

CONCLUSIONS weBernoulli's Nheyo

Nheyo yaBernoulli inotaura kuti, mune inoyerera inofamba, kana kumhanya kwayo kuchinge kwadzikira, kudzikira kwayinoita kumanikidza. Simba rinoshandurwa pese panoshanduka nzvimbo inochinjika-pombi.

Kuenzanisa kwaBernoulli mugumisiro wekuchengetedza kwesimba kwemvura inofamba. Inotaura kuti huwandu hwesimba rekumanikidza, iro simba reinetic uye simba rinogoneka, rinoramba riripo munzira yese yemvura.

Iyi nheyo ine mashandisirwo akawanda senge mukusimudzwa kwendege, kana chemunhu kana achishambira, pamwe nekugadzirwa kwemidziyo yekutakura zvinwiwa, pakati pevamwe vazhinji, kudzidza kwayo uye kunzwisisa kuri kwekukosha kukuru.

REFERENCIAS

[1] Mott, Robert. (2006). Fluid mechanics. 6th edition. Pearson Dzidzo
[2]
[3]