Yini iMephu Yomqondo: Umsuka, izinzuzo futhi zenzelwe ini?

Impela ngenkathi usafunda wahlangabezana nalesi sihloko: "Iyini imephu yomqondo: imvelaphi, izinzuzo futhi zenzelwe ini?" Nami futhi. Kungakho namhlanje ngiza ukukushiyela lo mbhalo ngenhloso yokuvuselela leyo nkumbulo ngale ndaba, ASIHAMBE LAPHO!

Yini imephu yomqondo?

Un ibalazwe lomqondo kuyithuluzi elibalulekile eliqukethe uhlelo lokuqhafaza oluphefumulelwe ingqikithi ethile. Imephu yomqondo kufanele yakhiwe ngemiqondo ehlelwe ngendlela ehlanganisiwe. Imiqondo esetshenzisiwe ingahlelwa ngokulandelana ngokwezibalo ezifana nonxande, imibuthano, amafu, noma isithombe esenzelwe leyo ndaba. Kumele zixhunywe ngemigqa eqondile noma egobile.

Le mephu ifingqa isihloko ngohlaka lwemibono elula. Kodwa-ke, ngeke kumele lokho kuphela, ngoba lapho eyisebenzisa umuntu uzoba nomqondo ngqo walokho umbukiso ahlose ukukusekela. Ngakho-ke uma kukhulunywa ngokuthwebula yonke imibono yemephu yomqondo, kufanele ugcine isakhiwo okulula ukuthi umbuki asicubungule futhi asibuke.

Lezi zinhlobo zamathuluzi zisetshenziswa ngenxa yokuhleleka nokuhlelwa kwemibono ngendlela ezwakalayo; Kokubili umbukiso nombukeli. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi leli akulona ithuluzi elisha. Kwavela ngenxa kaDavid Ausubel ngo-1970, owasungula imfundiso mayelana nokusebenza kwengqondo okunomqondo futhi uJoseph Novak wayisebenzisa.

Funda: Uyenza kanjani imephu yamanzi enomqondo

Umsuka wamamephu womqondo

Ukuthuthukiswa kwamamephu womqondo kwaqala ngonyaka we-1972, lapho uhlelo locwaningo lwasetshenziswa eCornell University kusuka ku-psychology yokufunda nguDavid Ausubel. Kulokhu baxoxisana nenani elikhulu lezingane. Lapho kwatholakala ukuthi kwakunzima ngempela ezinganeni ukuqonda imiqondo yesayensi.

U-Ausubel uchaze ukuthi ukwenziwa kolwazi kutholwe ngemiqondo enganakwa, uma kuqhathaniswa nemiqondo neziphakamiso umuntu anazo. Ngakho-ke umqondo omangalisayo wokuhlela imininingwane ngamabhulokhi amancane nokuxhumeka maqondana nomunye nomunye, uhlelwe ngendlela yokulandelana.

Kwakungasebenziseli kuphela ukuqonda ulwazi, kepha futhi nokuluveza, futhi kwaba njalo. Kwaba yithuluzi lokuhlola ukukala ukuqonda komuntu ngesihloko.

Izinto zeMephu Yomqondo

-Imiqondo

Yimicimbi, izimo noma izinto ezimelwe izibalo zejometri. Okuqukethwe kwayo okuphezulu kumele kube ngamagama amathathu, futhi izenzo, izinsuku, izichasiso noma amabizo afanele ngeke kubhekwe kanjalo. Kufanele kube yinto eyingqayizivele engaphindwa emephini.

-Ukuxhumanisa amagama

Amagama alula okuxhumanisa “imiqondo”. Lezi zivame ukuba yizenzo, izichasiso, amagama akwazi ukuveza ukuxhumana phakathi kwemiqondo. Konke lokhu ukuze okuboniswe emephini kuqondakale ngangokunokwenzeka. Amagama wokuxhumanisa amelwe emephini ngokuxhuma kolayini. Phakathi kwazo kukhona i- "is for", "phakathi kwabo kukhona", "is part of", "it depends on", phakathi kwabanye.

-Tandziso

Ngokuyisisekelo umusho onengqondo wento ethile noma umcimbi. Kuyinto ukwakheka kwemiqondo emibili noma ngaphezulu enobudlelwano phakathi kwabo, okwakha iyunithi ye-semantic.

-Ukuxhuma noma amalunga

Zisetshenziselwa ukunika umqondo ongcono emiqondweni enokuxhumana, ziveza ukuthi yimiphi imiqondo enokufana. Imigqa, ukuxhumana, imicibisholo ewelekile kuyasetshenziswa.

Unentshisekelo ku: Izinhlelo ezinhle kakhulu zokwakha amamephu engqondo nawomqondo

Kungani kufanele usebenzise ibalazwe lomqondo?

Ingqondo yomuntu ibamba futhi isebenze ngokushesha izinto ezibukwayo ngokungafani nombhalo. Imephu yomqondo iyithuluzi elisetshenziselwa ukumela noma yiluphi uhlobo lolwazi. Zizosiza ukubona ngeso lengqondo ubudlelwane bemibono ehlukene. Funda futhi uhumushe isihloko bese usimelela ngemibuthano nolayini, kancane kancane zonke lezi zinto zizoba umdwebo obalulekile. Zisetshenziswa ngokuvama okukhulu emkhakheni wezemfundo, kepha kusebenza kunoma iyiphi inkambu.

Izinhlobo zemephu yomqondo

By the way, sikushiya lapha isifundo esincane esingaba wusizo uma usebenzisa i-PC yakho ukutadisha: Ungayenza kanjani ikhompyutha yami ihambe ngokushesha.

ASIQHUBEKE SIHAMBE! Izinhlobo zemephu yomqondo yilezi:

Okulandelanayo

Kuthuthukiswa kusuka kumqondo oyisisekelo. Lokhu kuhlala kutholakala endaweni yokuqala yesakhiwo, okungukuthi, ingxenye ephezulu. Kusuka kuyo, kuvela imibono ehlukahlukene ekhiqizwayo noma ezinye izingxenye zesihloko, ngaso sonke isikhathi kucatshangelwa isikhundla sobukhosi ngasinye.

Isicabucabu

Kumephu yomqondo efana ne-Spider, ingqikithi ephakathi nendawo itholakala maphakathi nesakhiwo, futhi ukuyihlanganisa kuyimibono nemiqondo ephethe isikhundla esiphansi kunazo zonke. Lolu hlobo lohlaka yilona olwenza lubukeke njengesicabucabu.

Ishadi Lenhlangano

Kule mephu, imininingwane yemibono yethulwe ngendlela eqondile. Lokhu kusungula ngqo inkomba yokubuka noma yokufunda kwakho. Ngale ndlela, konke okuboniswa kulolu hlobo lwemephu yomqondo kuzokwenza umqondo onengqondo kakhulu.

Okuhlelekile

Ifana kakhulu neshadi lenhlangano lohlobo lwemephu. Kodwa-ke, ukwakheka kwesakhiwo sayo kuvumela abantu ukuthi bakhe amanye amagatsha avumela imibono noma imiqondo emisha ukuthi ifakwe.

Ubuningi

It is athuthukiswe kusukela uhlobo lwesibalo, kungaba-ntathu noma ntathu, okuvela isakhiwo a ishadi lenhlangano.

Hypermedial

Zingakhiwa kusuka kunoma yiziphi izakhiwo esezishiwo ngenhla. Kepha umqondo ngamunye noma umbhalo ovelayo kuvela isakhiwo esihlukile sesixhumanisi noma imephu yomqondo. Ngakho-ke inweba inani lemininingwane ngaphakathi kobubanzi bayo.

Buka lokhu: Ungayenza kanjani imephu yomqondo wesistimu yezinzwa

Umehluko phakathi kwemephu yomqondo nebalazwe lomqondo

Ibalazwe LENGQONDO	Ibalazwe LOKUCABANGELA
Isetshenziselwa ukuveza iqoqo lemibono eyenziwe ngaphakathi.	Isetshenziselwa ukuhlela nokumelela ulwazi olukhona. Imibono yenziwa kakhulu ngaphandle
Zimelela ukwahlukahlukana okuningiliziwe kwemisebenzi nemiqondo.	Bathuthukisa izihloko zemfundo, ngakho-ke uhlelo lwabo lokusebenza luhleleke ngokwengeziwe.
Kuboniswa ngegama noma ngomfanekiso enkabeni yemephu ngemicabango ehlobene ehanjisiwe	Ihlelwe ngendlela yokulandelana, ibeka isihloko esikhulu phezulu kwemephu nemiqondo ehlobene ngezansi.
Ibonisa isihloko esithile lapho kuvela khona izihlokwana eziningana.	Izihloko zinobudlelwano obuningi nezixhumanisi ezihamba phambili.

Izinzuzo zamamephu womqondo

• Imephu yomqondo iyithuluzi lokuhlanganisa elibalulekile, kuyindlela esheshayo kunoma yisiphi isihloko esithile. Kuyindlela ebonakalayo yokufunda esheshayo nenenjongo, ngakho-ke noma ngubani oyisebenzisayo uzozuza kakhulu.

• Kubonakala ngokulula kwayo nokuzivumelanisa nanoma yisiphi isifundo. Ingasetshenziswa kunoma yimuphi umkhakha, kusukela engxenyeni yezifundo, emsebenzini, impilo yansuku zonke nakwabanye.

• Ikhuthaza ukufunda okuhlelekile ngokuthuthukisa ukucabanga ngakunye nokwenziwa lula kokuqukethwe ngokuhlanganisa.

• Ithanda ukuseshwa kolwazi, ngoba umuntu kufanele ahlole imithombo ehlukene ukuthola ukuxhumana nemiqondo bese ethula okuqukethwe okunembile.

• Ithuthukisa amakhono okuqonda nokuhlaziya omfundi; ngaphezu kokukhulisa ubuqambi ngenxa yesakhiwo okufanele sisetshenziswe.

Iziphetho

• Ngenxa yefomethi ebonakalayo esetshenzisiwe, kusiza ukuqonda izihloko.
• Ifingqa imininingwane ngokusebenzisa imiqondo emisha kanye nemidala.
• Khuthaza ukucabangisisa nokufunda ukuqonda.
• Nweba imiqondo nobudlelwano phakathi kwabo.
• Kukhuthaza ubuhlakani bomuntu.
• Ngenxa yamanani emithombo nokuqhathaniswa kwemiqondo kukhulisa kakhulu ulwazi.
• Kukhombisa umbukeli ukuthi kulula kanjani ukufunda izihloko ezithile.
• Ukunwetshwa okulula nokuqaliswa ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene, umsebenzi, ezemfundo, ezempilo nokuningi.