Amandla eMithetho yeKirchhoff

UGustav Robert Kirchhoff (Königsberg, Matshi 12, 1824-Berlin, Okthobha 17, 1887) wayengusosayensi waseJamani, igalelo lakhe lezenzululwazi kwimithetho eyaziwayo yaseKirchhoff egxile kumabala eesekethe zombane, ithiyori yeepleyiti, yokukhanya, yesibonakhulu kunye nokukhutshwa kwemitha yomzimba omnyama. " [Nye]

"Imithetho yaseKirchhoff" [2] ithathwa njengombane kunye nolwalamano lwangoku phakathi kwezinto ezahlukeneyo zenethiwekhi yombane.

Yimithetho emibini elula, kodwa "inamandla", kuba ikunye ne Umthetho ka-Ohm Bavumela ukusombulula iinethiwekhi zombane, oku kukwazi amaxabiso emisinga kunye noxinzelelo lwezinto, ngaloo ndlela besazi indlela yokuziphatha kwezinto ezisebenzayo nezenziwayo zenethiwekhi.

Siyakumema ukuba ubone inqaku Umthetho ka-Ohm kunye neemfihlo zawo

IINGQONDO EZISISISEKO Umthetho kaKirchhoff:

Kwinethiwekhi yombane izinto zinokudityaniswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ngokweemfuno kunye nokusetyenziswa kwenethiwekhi. Kuphononongo lwenethiwekhi, kusetyenziswa isigama esifana namaqhina okanye amaqhina, imesh kunye namasebe. Jonga umfanekiso 1.

Inethiwekhi yombane kumthetho kaKirchhoff:

Isekethe enezinto ezahlukeneyo ezinje ngeemoto, ii-capacitors, ukumelana, phakathi kwabanye.

Indawo:

Indawo yokudibanisa phakathi kwezinto. Imelwe yingongoma.

ERama:

Isebe lenethiwekhi ngumqhubi apho umbane wamandla afanayo ujikeleza. Isebe lihlala liphakathi kweendawo ezimbini. Amasebe afuziselwa yimigca.

Unxweme:

Indlela ivaliwe kwisekethe.

Kumzobo 2 kukho uthungelwano lombane nge:

• Kumzobo 2 (a) imisipha emibini: umnatha wokuqala owenza indlela yeABCDA, kunye nomnatha wesibini owenza indlela iBFECB. Ngeendawo ezimbini (2) zeNode kwindawo B kunye nenqaku eliqhelekileyo leDCE.

• Kumzobo 2 (b) ungabona imashes 1 no-2.

-UMTHETHO OBALASELEYO WEKIRCHOFF "Umthetho weeNtsingiselo okanye woMthetho weNode"

Umthetho wokuqala kaKirchhoff uthi "Isibalo se-algebraic yamandla emisinga yenode yi-zero" [3]. Ngokwezibalo imelwe yinkcazo (jonga ifomula 1):

Ukufaka isicelo se I-Kirchhoff Umthetho wangoku ziqwalaselwe "Kulungile" imisinga engena endaweni, kunye "Iyimbi" imisinga ephuma kwinode. Umzekelo, kumzobo wesi-3 sine-node enamasebe ama-3, apho amandla okwangoku (ukuba) kunye (i1) aqinisekileyo ukusukela oko bangena kwi-node, kunye nokuqina kwangoku (i2), okushiya indawo, kujongwa njengokubi; Yiyo loo nto i-node ekumfanekiso woku-1, umthetho wangoku waseKirchhoff usekwe njenge:

Phawula - Isibalo seAlgebra: Yindibanisela yokudibanisa nokuthabatha amanani apheleleyo. Enye indlela yokwenza ukudibanisa i-algebra kukudibanisa amanani aqinisekileyo ngaphandle kwamanani a-negative ze emva koko uwathabathe. Uphawu lwesiphumo luxhomekeke ekubeni leliphi inani (elincomekayo okanye elingalunganga likhulu).

Kwimithetho yaseKirchhoff, umthetho wokuqala usekwe kumthetho wolondolozo lwentlawulo, echaza ukuba isibalo se-algebraic yetyala lombane ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi yombane ayitshintshi. Ke ngoko, akukho ntlawulo yomnatha igcinwa kwiindawo, ngenxa yoko, isixa semisinga yombane engena kwindawo leyo ilingana nesixa semisinga esiyishiyayo:

Mhlawumbi unomdla: Amandla oMthetho weWatt

-UMTHETHO WESIBINI KIRCHHOFF "Umthetho weTension "

Umthetho wesibini ka-Kirchhoff uthi "isilinganiselo se-algebra soxinzelelo olujikeleze indlela evaliweyo ngu-zero" [3]. Ngokwezibalo imelwe yile ntetho: (jonga ifomula 3)

Kumzobo 4 kukho uthungelwano lombane lwenethiwekhi: Kufunyenwe ukuba u "i" wangoku ujikeleza kumnatha ngendlela ejonge kwewotshi.

UKUSETYENZISWA KOQEQESHO NGEMITHETHO YEKIRCHHOFF

Inkqubo ngokubanzi

• Nika umlambo kwisebe ngalinye.
• Umthetho wangoku waseKirchhoff usetyenziswa kwindawo yesekethe thabatha enye.
• Igama kunye nepolarity zibekwe kumbane wombane ngamnye.
• Umthetho ka-Ohm wokubonisa amandla ombane njengombane okwangoku.
• Imitha yothungelwano lombane iyagqitywa kwaye umthetho weVolchhoff's Voltage Law usetyenziswa kumnatha ngamnye.
• Inkqubo yokulinganisa efunyenwe endaweni yendlela, umgaqo weCramer, okanye enye indlela isonjululwe.

UQEQESHO OLUHLAZIYIWEYO:

Ukuzilolonga 1. Uthungelwano lombane lubonisa:
a) Inani lamasebe, b) Inani leendawo, c) Inani leemeshi.

Isixazululo:

a) Inethiwekhi inamasebe amahlanu. Kumzobo olandelayo isebe ngalinye likhonjisiwe phakathi kwemigca echaziweyo isebe ngalinye:

b) Inethiwekhi ineendawo ezintathu, njengoko kubonisiwe kumfanekiso olandelayo. Iindawo ziboniswe phakathi kwemigca echokoziweyo:

c) Umnatha unemingxunya emi-3, njengoko kubonisiwe kweli nani lilandelayo:

Ukuzivocavoca 2. Misela i yangoku kunye nomthamo wento nganye

Solution:

Uthungelwano lombane luyi-mesh, apho ubungqingqwa obunye bokujikeleza ngoku obuchazwe njengo "i". Ukusombulula uthungelwano lombane sebenzisa i Umthetho ka-Ohm kwichiza ngalinye kunye nomthetho ombane weKirchhoff kumnatha.

Umthetho ka-Ohm uthi i-voltage ilingana nobungakanani bamaxesha akhoyo ombane ixabiso lokunganyangeki:

Ke, ukuxhathisa uR₁ombane V_R1 :           

Ukuxhathisa uR₂ombane V_R2 :

Sebenzisa umthetho weVolchhoff's Voltage Law kwi-mesh, ukwenza uhambo ngendlela ejonge kwewotshi:

Ukutshintsha le miba sinayo:

Ixesha lidlulisiwe ngophawu oluqinisekileyo kwelinye icala lokulingana, kwaye amandla akhoyo ngoku ayacaciswa:

Ixabiso lesiseko sevolthi kunye nokuchasana kombane kufakwe endaweni:

Ubungakanani bokuhamba ngoku kwenethiwekhi yile: i = 0,1 A

Amandla ombane kwi-resistor R₁ :

Amandla ombane kwi-resistor R₂ :

Isiphumo:

IZIQINISEKISO kumthetho weKirchhoff

Isifundo seMithetho yaseKirchhoff (umthetho kaKirchhoff wangoku, umthetho wevoltage kaKirchhoff), kunye noMthetho ka-Ohm, ziziseko ezisisiseko zokuhlalutya kwayo nayiphi na inethiwekhi yombane.

Ngomthetho wangoku waseKirchhoff othi isibalo se-algebraic samaza akwi-node yi-zero, kunye nomthetho wevolthi obonisa ukuba isilinganiselo se-algebraic semithamo emethini yi-zero, ubudlelwane phakathi kwemisinga kunye nomthamo zimiselwe nakweyiphi na inethiwekhi yombane yezinto ezimbini okanye nangaphezulu.

Con el amplio uso de la electricidad en la industria, comercio, hogares, entre otros, las Leyes de Kirchhoff se utilizan diariamente para el estudio de infinidades de redes y sus aplicaciones.

Siyakumema ukuba ushiye izimvo zakho, amathandabuzo okanye ucele inxenye yesibini yalo mthetho ubaluleke kangaka weKIRCHOFF Kwaye ungazibona izithuba zethu zangaphambili njengoko Izixhobo zokulinganisa zombane (Ohmmeter, Voltmeter kunye neAmmeter)