Awooda Xeerarka Kirchhoff

Gustav Robert Kirchhoff (Königsberg, Maarso 12, 1824-Berlin, Oktoobar 17, 1887) wuxuu ahaa fiisigiste Jarmal ah, oo deeqda sayniska ugu weyn ee sharciyada caanka ah ee Kirchhoff diiradda saaray dhinacyada wareegyada korantada, aragtida taarikada, optics, spectroscopy iyo shucaaca jirka oo madoobaada. " [mid]

"Shuruucda Kirchhoff" [2] waxaa loo tixgeliyaa danab iyo cilaaqaadka hadda jira ee u dhexeeya qaybaha kala duwan ee shabakadda korantada.

Iyagu waa laba sharci oo fudud, laakiin "awood leh", maaddaama ay wadajir ula socdaan Sharciga Ohm Waxay u oggolaadaan inay xalliyaan shabakadaha korantada, tani waa in la ogaado qiyamka xilliyada iyo danabyada cunsurrada, sidaasna lagu ogaanayo dabeecadaha firfircoonida iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa dadban ee shabakadda.

Waxaan kugu martiqaadeynaa inaad aragto maqaalka Sharciga Ohm iyo sirtiisa

FIKRADAHA Aasaasiga ah Sharciga Kirchhoff:

Shabakada korantada walxaha waxay ku xirmi karaan siyaabo kala duwan iyadoo loo eegayo baahida iyo utility-ka shabakada. Daraasadda shabakadaha, ereybixinta sida guntimaha ama noodhka, meeraha iyo laamaha ayaa loo isticmaalaa. Fiiri sawirka 1aad.

Shabakad Koronto ee sharciga Kirchhoff:

Wareeg ka kooban waxyaabo kala duwan sida matoorrada, kaabayaasha, iska caabinta, iyo kuwo kale.

Boodh:

Bar isku xirnaanta canaasiirta. Waxaa astaan ​​u ah qodob.

Rama:

Laanta shabakadu waa kaaliyaha ay ku socdaan wareegga korantada ee isla xooqu. Laan had iyo jeer waxay u dhexeysaa laba noodo. Laamaha waxaa lagu calaamadeeyay xariiqyo.

Mesh:

Wadada waxay kuxirantahay wareeg.

Jaantus 2 waxaa jira shabakad koronto oo leh:

• Jaantuska 2 (a) laba meshes: mesh first oo marinka ABCDA sameeya, iyo mesh labaad oo marinka BFECB maraya. Iyada oo leh laba (2) Noodh barta B iyo barta guud ee DCE.

• Jaantuska 2 (b) waxaad ku arki kartaa mehes 1 iyo 2.

-XEERKA KOOWAAD EE KIRCHOFF "Sharciga Xakamaynta ama Sharciga Noodhadhka"

Sharcigii ugu horeeyey ee Kirchhoff wuxuu sheegayaa in "wadarta aljebrada ee xaddiga xaddiga barta ay tahay eber" [3]. Xisaab ahaan waxaa matalaya muujinta (eeg qaaciidada 1):

Si aad u dalbato Kirchhoff Sharciga Hadda waa la tixgeliyaa "Wanaagsan" durdurrada galaya barta, iyo "Xun" durdurrada ka soo baxaysa barta. Tusaale ahaan, jaantuska 3 waxaan leenahay noodh leh 3 laamood, halkaasoo xoojinta hadda (haddii) iyo (i1) ay wanaagsan yihiin tan iyo markii ay soo galeen barta, iyo xaddiga hadda (i2), ee ka tagaya barta, ayaa loo arkaa mid aan fiicnayn; Marka, noodhka sawirka 1, sharciga Kirchhoff ee hadda jira waxaa loo aasaasay inuu yahay:

Xusuusin - Wadarta aljebrada: waa isku darka isku darka iyo kalagoynta tirooyinka oo dhan. Hal dariiqo oo loo sameeyo isugeynta aljabra ayaa ah in lagu daro tirooyinka togan marka laga reebo tirooyinka taban ka dibna laga jaro. Calaamadda natiijada waxay kuxirantahay midka lambarada (mid togan ama taban ayaa weyn).

Xeerarka Kirchhoff, sharciga ugu horeeya wuxuu ku saleysan yahay sharciga ilaalinta, kaas oo sheegaya in lacagta aljebrada ee khidmadaha korontada ku dhex jira shabakadda korontadu aanay isbeddelin. Sidaa darteed, wax lacag ah oo net ah kuma kaydsan noodhadhka, sidaa darteed, wadarta korantada korantada ee soo geleysa buundada waxay u dhigantaa wadarta socodka ay ka tagayso:

Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad xiiseyneyso: Awoodda Sharciga Watt

-SHARCIGA LABAAD EE KIRCHHOFF "Sharciga xiisadaha

Sharciga labaad ee Kirchhoff wuxuu sheegayaa in "isku darka aljebrada ee culeysyada hareeraha waddo xiran ay tahay eber" [3]. Xisaab ahaan waxaa matalaya muujinta: (eeg qaaciidada 3)

Jaantuska 4-aad waxaa jira shabakad koronto oo mesh ah: Waxaa la aasaasay in "i" hadda uu ku wareego mesh-ka dhinaca jihada saacad u socota.

XALINTA LAYLI LOOGU SAMEEYO SHARCIYADA KIRCHHOFF

Nidaamka guud

• Laan kasta u qoondee durdur.
• Sharciga hadda jira ee Kirchhoff waxaa lagu dabaqaa noodhadhka wareegga mid laga jaray.
• Magac iyo dabacsanaan ayaa lagu dhejiyaa danab kasta oo caabbinta korantada.
• Sharciga Ohm si loo muujiyo danab sida shaqeynta korantada.
• Dareeraha shabakadda korantada ayaa la go'aamiyaa oo Kirchhoff's Voltage Law ayaa lagu dabaqayaa mesh kasta.
• Xalliyaan nidaamka isleegyada lagu helo habka beddelaadda, xeerka Cramer, ama qaab kale.

LAYLISKA LAGA XALAY:

Layli 1. Shabakadda korantada tilmaam:
a) Tirada laamaha, b) Tirada noodhadhka, c) Tirada meeraha.

Xalka:

a) Shabakadu waxay leedahay shan laamood. Jaantuska soo socda laan kasta waxaa lagu muujiyaa inta u dhexeysa xariiqyo dhibco leh laan kasta:

b) Shabakadu waxay leedahay saddex nood, sida ku cad jaantuska soo socda. Noodhadhka ayaa lagu muujiyey inta udhaxeysa khadadka dhibcaha:

c) Shabakadu waxay leedahay 3 meshes, sida ku cad jaantuska soo socda:

Layli 2. Go'aamso heerka hadda jira iyo culeyska walax kasta

Xalka:

Shabakada korontadu waa mesh, halkaasoo xoog xoog leh oo hadda socdaa oo wareegsan oo loogu talagalay "i" Si loo xalliyo shabakadda korontada isticmaal Sharciga Ohm on resistor kasta iyo sharciga danab Kirchhoff on mesh ah.

Sharciga Ohm wuxuu dhigayaa in danabku uu la mid yahay xoojinta xilliyada korantada ee qiimaha iska caabinta:

Sidaa darteed, iska caabin R₁, danab V_R1 es:           

Wixii iska caabin ah R₂, danab V_R2 es:

Ku dabbaqaya Kirchhoff's Voltage Law on the mesh, isagoo wadada ka dhigaya mid saacad u socda:

Beddelaad danabyadan aan hayno:

Ereyga waxaa lagu gudbiyaa calaamadda saxda ah dhinaca kale ee sinnaanta, iyo xoojinta hadda waa la cadeeyay:

Qiimaha ilaha danab iyo diidmada korantada waa la beddelay:

Awoodda hadda dhex socota shabakadda waa: i = 0,1 A

Danab ka soo horjeeda resistor R₁ es:

Danab ka soo horjeeda resistor R₂ es:

Natiijada:

LOOGU TALAGALAY sharciga Kirchhoff

Daraasada Sharciyada Kirchhoff (Sharciga Kirchhoff ee hadda jira, Kirchhoff's voltage voltage), oo ay weheliso Sharciga Ohm, waa aasaaska aasaasiga u ah falanqaynta shabakad koronto kasta.

Sharciga hadda jira ee Kirchhoff oo sheegaya in wadarta aljebrada ee durdurrada ku jira ay tahay eber, iyo Sharciga danab ee tilmaamaya in wadarta aljebrada ee danabyada mesh ay tahay eber, xiriirka ka dhexeeya korantada iyo danabyada waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa shabakad kasta oo koronto. laba ama in ka badan oo cunsur ah.

Con el amplio uso de la electricidad en la industria, comercio, hogares, entre otros, las Leyes de Kirchhoff se utilizan diariamente para el estudio de infinidades de redes y sus aplicaciones.

Waxaan kugu martiqaadeynaa inaad ka tagto faallooyinkaaga, shakigaaga ama aad codsato qeyb labaad oo ka mid ah sharcigan aadka u muhiimka ah ee KIRCHOFF dabcan waad arki kartaa qoraaladeena hore sida Qalabka cabirka korontada (Ohmmeter, Voltmeter iyo Ammeter)