Nhanganyaya kuMutemo waOmm:
Mutemo waOmm Iyo ndiyo poindi yekutanga yekunzwisisa izvo zvakakosha zvemagetsi. Kubva pane ino maonero zvakakosha kuongorora chirevo cheOmm Mutemo mune inoshanda dzidziso nzira. Nekuda kweruzivo rwedu mumunda, kuongororwa kwemutemo uyu kunotitendera kuti tiite kuti kurota kwevashandi vepo munzvimbo iyi kuve kwechokwadi: shanda zvishoma uye woita zvimwe, nekuti nedudziro chaiyo tinogona kuona uye kuongorora zvikanganiso zvemagetsi. Pakati penyaya ino isu tichataura nezve kukosha kwayo, mabviro, mashandisiro ezvekushandisa uye zvakavanzika kuti unzwisise zviri nani.¿Ndiani akawana mutemo waOmm?
Georg simon ohm (Erlangen, Bavaria, Kurume 16, 1789-Munich, Chikunguru 6, 1854) aive nyanzvi yefizikisi yeGerman uye nyanzvi yemasvomhu akapa mutemo weOhm kudzidziso yemagetsi.[1]. Ohm inozivikanwa nekudzidza nekududzira hukama pakati pekusimba kwesimba remagetsi, simba rayo remagetsi uye kuramba, kugadzira muna 1827 mutemo une zita rake, unosimbisa izvozvo. Ini = V / R. Chikamu chekudzivirira magetsi, iyo ohm, chakatumidzwa zita rake. [1] (ona mufananidzo 1)Chii chinotaurwa nemutemo waOmm?
La Mutemo waOmm inosimbisa: Iko kusimba kwazvino kuburikidza nedunhu remagetsi kwakanangana zvakananga nemhepo kana magetsi (inogona kuita mutsauko V) uye inopesana zvakaenzana nemagetsi emagetsi ayo ainopa (ona mufananidzo 2)Kunzwisisa izvo:
Nhamba | Om chiratidzo chemutemo | Unit of measurement | Basa | Kana iwe uchinetseka: |
---|---|---|---|---|
Kurwisana | E | Volt (V) | Dzvinyiriro inokonzera kufamba kwemaerekitironi | E = electromotive simba kana induced voltage |
Rukova | I | Ampere (A) | Electric current intensity | I = kusimba |
Kurwisana | R | Ohm (Ω) | kuyerera inhibitor | Ω = vara rechiGiriki omega |
- E= Electric Potential Difference kana simba re electromotive "temu yekare yechikoro" (Volts "V").
- I= Kusimba kwemagetsi ikozvino (Amperes "Amp.")
- R= Kuramba Kwemagetsi (Ohms “Ω”)
Ndeupi Mutemo waOm?
Uyu ndeimwe yemibvunzo inonakidza kwazvo inodzidziswa nevadzidzi vemagetsi / zvemagetsi ematanho ekutanga, kwatinokurudzira kuti tinzwisise zvakanaka usati waenderera kana kufambira mberi neimwe nhaurwa. Tiri kuzoiongorora nhanho nhanho: Electric nemishonga: Iko kupokana nekuyerera kwemagetsi emagetsi kuburikidza nekondakita. Magetsi emagetsi: Iko kuyerera kwechaji yemagetsi (maerekitironi) anomhanya kuburikidza nekondakita kana zvinhu. Kuyerera kwazvino ndiko kuwanda kwemari pachikamu chenguva, chikamu chayo chekuyera chiri Ampere (Amp). Magetsi anogona kuita mutsauko: Huwandu hwemuviri hunogadzirisa musiyano mune kugona kwemagetsi pakati pemapoinzi maviri. Inogona zvakare kutsanangurwa sebasa pachikamu chega chega chinoshandiswa nemunda wemagetsi pane chidimbu chakachinjiswa kuti chichifambise pakati pezvikamu zviviri zvakatemerwa. Chikamu chayo chekuyera ndiVolt (V).Mhedziso
Mutemo waOmm Ndicho chishandiso chakakosha pazvidzidzo zvemaseketi emagetsi uye hwaro hwakakosha hwezvidzidzo zveMagetsi neMagetsi mabasa pamatanho ese. Iyo yekupa nguva yekuongorora kwayo, mune ino kesi yakagadziridzwa muchinyorwa chino (pakunyanyisa kwayo), zvakakosha kuti unzwisise uye uongorore zvakavanzika zvekugadzirisa matambudziko.
Kwatinogona kupedzisa maererano nekuongororwa kweMutemo waOmm:
- Iyo yepamusoro iyo ingangoita mutsauko (V) uye yakaderera kuramba (Ω): Iyo yakanyanya kukura kwesimba kwemagetsi emagetsi (Amp).
- Iyo yakaderera iyo inogona kuita mutsauko (V) uye yepamusoro kuramba (Ω): Zvishoma zvemagetsi zvazvino kusimba (Amp).
Kudzidzira kunzwisisa uye kuisa Mutemo waOhm mukuita
Dzidzira 1
Kushandisa iyo Mutemo waOmm Muchikamu chinotevera (mufananidzo 3) nekupikisa R1 = 10 Ω uye mutsauko unogona kuitika E1 = 12V kushandisa mutemo weOhm, chigumisiro ndechekuti: I = E1 / R1 I = 12V / 10 Ω I = 1.2 Amp.Ooh's Mutemo Kuongorora (Muenzaniso 1)
Kuongorora mutemo waOmm tiri kuenda kunenge kuKerepakupai Merú kana Angel Falls (Kerepakupai Merú mumutauro wechiPemón wechiAborigine, zvinoreva kuti "svetuka kubva munzvimbo yakadzika kwazvo"), ndiyo mapopoma akakwirira pasi rose, aine 979 m kureba (807 m yekusagumburwa kudonha), yakatanga muAuyantepuy. Iri muKanaima National Park, Bolívar, Venezuela [2]. (ona mufananidzo 4) Kana isu tichifungidzira tichiita ongororo tichishandisa iyo Mutemo waOmm, uchiita fungidziro dzinotevera:- Cascade kukwirira semusiyano ungangoita.
- Zvipingamupinyi zvemvura mukudonha sekushora.
- Iyo Yemvura Inoyerera Rate yeCascade seMagetsi Razvino Kusimba
Kudzidzira 2:
Mune yakaenzana yakaenzana tinofungidzira dunhu semuenzaniso kubva kunhamba 5:Ooh's Mutemo Kuongorora (Muenzaniso 2)
Iye zvino mune izvi virtualization, semuenzaniso, kana tikatamira kune imwe mapopoma semuenzaniso: Iyo Iguazú Falls, pamuganhu pakati peBrazil neArgentina, kuGuaraní Iguazú zvinoreva "mvura hombe", uye ndiro zita iro vagari vemuSouth. Cone kubva kuAmerica vakapa rwizi runofudza mapopoma makuru muLatin America, chimwe chezvishamiso zvepasirese. Zvisinei, muzhizha richangopfuura vakave nezvinetso nekuyerera kwemvura. [3] (ona mufananidzo 6)Kudzidzira 3:
Kwatinofunga kuti ongororo iyi ndeye E1= 100V uye R1=1000 Ω (ona mufananidzo 7) I=E1/R1 I= 100V/1000 Ω I= 0.1 Amp.Ooh's Mutemo Kuongorora (Muenzaniso 3)
Nokuda kwemuenzaniso uyu, vamwe vevaverengi vedu vanogona kubvunza, uye chii chiri kuongorora kana mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza muIguazú waterfall achivandudza (izvo zvatinotarisira zvichave zvakadaro, tichiyeuka kuti zvinhu zvose zvakasikwa zvinofanira kuva nekuenzanisa). Mukuongorora kwechokwadi, tinofungidzira kuti kuramba kwepasi (kusvika pakufamba kwekuyerera) muchirevo chinogara chiripo, E ingave iyo yakaunganidzwa kumusoro kwerukova kunogona kusiyana apo semhedzisiro tichava nekuyerera kwakawanda kana mukuenzanisa kwedu ikozvino kusimba (I. ), ingava semuenzaniso: (ona mufananidzo 8)Kudzidzira 4:
Nemutemo waOmm, kana isu tichiwedzera mutsauko ungangoitika kana kuunganidza simba rayo remagetsi kukwirira, tichichengeta kuramba kurwisa E1 = 700V uye R1 = 1000 Ω (ona mufananidzo 9)- Ini = E1 / R1
- Ini = 700V / 1000 Ω
- Ini = 0.7 Amp
Kuongorora Mutemo waOmm kuti unzwisise zvakavanzika zvawo
Paunotanga kudzidza mutemo waOhm, vazhinji vanoshamisika, kuti mutemo wakapusa kudaro ungave sei nezvakavanzika? Chaizvoizvo hapana chakavanzika kana tikachiongorora zvakadzama kumagumo kwazvo. Mune mamwe mazwi, kusatarisa mutemo nemazvo kunogona, semuenzaniso, kutigonesa kubatanidzira dunhu remagetsi (muchiitiko, mudziyo kunyangwe padanho remaindasitiri) apo painogona kungove tambo yakakanganiswa kana chinobatanidza. Tichaongorora nyaya nenyaya:Nyaya 1 (Vhura dunhu):
- Ini = E1 / R
- Ini = 10V / ∞ Ω
Nyaya 2 (Dunhu rakapfupiswa):
- Ini = E1 / R
- Ini = 10V / 0 Ω
Nyaya 3 (kubatanidza kana wiring kutadza)
Kana tikatya mudunhu remagetsi magetsi sosi E1 = 10V uye R1 = 10 Ω isu tinofanirwa kuve nemutemo waOmm;Kudzidzira 5:
- Ini = E1 / R1
- Ini = 10V / 10 Ω
- Ini = 1 Amp
- VR1 = Ini x R1
- Kwandiri = 0 Amp
- Tinotya VR1 = 0 Amp x 10 Ω = 0V
Zvino kana isu tikaisa voltmeter muchienderana netambo yakakanganiswa tichava nemagetsi emagetsi, nei?
Sezvo ini = 0 Amp, kuramba R1 (haina kupikisa kubva kumagetsi ekugadzira nyika chaiyo) sezvatakamboongorora VR1 = 0V Saka isu tine mutambo yakakanganiswa (munyaya iyi) iyo Voltage yemagetsi.- V (yakakanganiswa waya) = E1 - VR1
- V (yakakanganiswa waya) = 10 V - 0 V = 10V
Inogona kukushandira:
- Simba reMutemo waWatt
- Masimba eMutemo waKIRCHHOFF
- Mutemo waJoule, uine maitiro anoshanda uye mashandisiro awo.
Refer:[1] [2] [3]