Powerarfin Dokokin Kirchhoff

Gustav Robert Kirchhoff (Königsberg, 12 ga Maris, 1824-Berlin, Oktoba 17, 1887) ya kasance masanin ilmin kimiyar lissafi dan kasar Jamus, wanda babbar gudummawar kimiyyarsa ga sanannun dokokin Kirchhoff ya mai da hankali kan filayen da'irorin lantarki, ka'idar faranti, kimiyyan gani da ido, spectroscopy da kuma fitowar bakar fatar jiki. " [daya]

"Dokokin Kirchhoff" [2] ana ɗauke da ƙarfin lantarki da alaƙar yanzu tsakanin abubuwa daban-daban na cibiyar sadarwar lantarki.

Dokoki ne masu sauki guda biyu, amma "masu iko", tunda tare da Dokar Ohm Sun ba da izinin warware cibiyoyin sadarwar lantarki, wannan shine sanin ƙimar gudanawar ruwa da ƙananan abubuwa, don haka sanin halayen abubuwa masu aiki da wucewa na cibiyar sadarwar.

Muna gayyatarku ka ga labarin Dokar Ohm da sirrinta

MAGANGANUN GASKIYA Dokar Kirchhoff:

A cikin hanyar sadarwar lantarki ana iya haɗa abubuwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban gwargwadon buƙata da amfani na cibiyar sadarwar. Don nazarin cibiyoyin sadarwar, ana amfani da kalmomin aiki kamar nodes ko node, meshes da rassan. Duba hoto na 1.

Hanyar sadarwar lantarki a cikin dokar Kirchhoff:

Yankin da aka haɗu da abubuwa daban-daban kamar su injina, ƙarfin wuta, juriya, da sauransu.

Kumburi:

Matsayin haɗin tsakanin abubuwa. Ana nuna shi ta hanyar aya.

Rama:

Reshen cibiyar sadarwar shine madugun ta hanyar da wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi iri ɗaya ke gudana. Wani reshe koyaushe yana tsakanin ƙwayoyi biyu. Ana yin alama da rassa ta layuka.

Ƙaƙa:

An rufe hanya a cikin da'ira.

A cikin hoto na 2 akwai cibiyar sadarwar lantarki tare da:

• A cikin hoto na 2 (a) haɗuwa biyu: raga ta farko da aka yi hanyar ABCDA, kuma raga ta biyu tana yin hanyar BFECB. Tare da kumburi biyu (2) a aya ta B da mahimmin abu DCE.

• A cikin hoto na 2 (b) zaku iya ganin meshes 1 da 2.

-FARKON SHARI'A NA KIRCHOFF "Dokar Ruwa ko Nodes"

Doka ta farko ta Kirchhoff ta faɗi cewa "alididdigar algebra na ƙarfin halin yanzu a kumburi ba kome" [3]. Ilimin lissafi yana wakiltar shi da kalmar (duba dabara ta 1):

Don amfani da Kirchhoff Doka ta Yanzu suna dauke "Tabbatacce" igiyoyin shiga cikin kumburin, da "Korau" igiyoyin da ke fitowa daga kumburin. Misali, a cikin hoto na 3 akwai kumburi tare da rassa 3, inda ƙarfin yanzu (idan) da (i1) suke da kyau tunda suka shiga kumburin, kuma ƙarfin yanzu (i2), wanda ya bar wurin, ana ɗaukarsa mara kyau; Don haka, don kumburi a cikin hoto na 1, dokar Kirchhoff ta yanzu an kafa ta:

Lura - Jimlar jimla: hadewa ne na kari da ragin dukkan lambobi. Hanya ɗaya da za a yi ƙarin aljebra ita ce a ƙara lambobi masu kyau ban da lambobin marasa kyau sannan a rage su. Alamar sakamako ta dogara da wanne daga cikin lambobin (tabbatacce ko korau ya fi girma).

A cikin Dokokin Kirchhoff, doka ta farko ta dogara ne akan dokar kiyayewa, wanda ya bayyana cewa adadin aljebra na cajin lantarki a cikin hanyar sadarwar lantarki baya canzawa. Sabili da haka, babu wani cajin kuɗi da aka adana a cikin nodes, sabili da haka, jimillar igiyoyin wutar lantarki da suka shigar da kumburi daidai yake da adadin igiyoyin da suka bar shi:

Wataƙila kuna iya sha'awar: Lawarfin Watt's Law

-DOKA TA BIYU KIRCHHOFF "Dokar tashin hankali "

Doka ta biyu ta Kirchhoff ta ce "jimillar yawan wahalar da ke tattare da rufaffiyar hanya ba sifili ce" [3]. A ilimin lissafi an wakilta shi da kalmar: (duba dabara ta 3)

A cikin Hoto na 4 akwai cibiyar sadarwar lantarki na raga: An tabbatar da cewa “i” na yanzu yana kewaya a cikin raga cikin hanyar agogo.

-YARWAR KWADAYI TARE DA dokokin KIRCHHOFF

Janar hanya

• Sanya rafi zuwa kowane reshe.
• Ana amfani da dokar Kirchhoff a yanzu a maƙalar kewaya ɗayan.
• An sanya suna da polarity akan ƙarfin lantarki na kowane juriya na lantarki.
• Dokar Ohm don bayyana ƙarfin lantarki azaman aikin wutar lantarki.
• An ƙaddara hanyoyin sadarwar lantarki kuma ana amfani da Dokar tagearfin Kirchhoff akan kowane raga.
• Warware tsarin lissafin da aka samu ta hanyar maye gurbin, dokar Cramer, ko wata hanyar.

AYYUKAN AYYUKA:

Darasi 1. Don cibiyar sadarwar lantarki ta nuna:
a) Yawan rassa, b) Yawan node, c) Yawan layya.

Magani:

a) Cibiyar sadarwar tana da rassa guda biyar. A cikin adadi mai zuwa kowane reshe yana nunawa tsakanin layuka masu digo kowane reshe:

b) Cibiyar sadarwar tana da nodes guda uku, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoto mai zuwa. Nodes ɗin suna nunawa tsakanin layuka masu digo:

c) Gidan yanar gizon yana da 3 meshes, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin wannan adadi:

Darasi 2. Dayyade halin yanzu na i da ƙarfin kowane ɗan adam

Magani:

Hanyar sadarwar lantarki raga ce, inda ƙarfin guda ɗaya yake gudana wanda aka sanya shi a matsayin "i". Don warware cibiyar sadarwar lantarki amfani da Dokar Ohm a kan kowane mai tsayayya da Kirchhoff dokar ƙarfin lantarki akan raga.

Dokar Ohm ta faɗi cewa ƙarfin lantarki daidai yake da ƙarfin wutar lantarki a halin yanzu ƙimar juriya:

Don haka, don juriya R₁, ƙarfin lantarki V_R1 es:           

Don juriya R₂, ƙarfin lantarki V_R2 es:

Aiwatar da Dokar Volta ta Kirchhoff akan raga, yin rangadin ta hanyar kai tsaye:

Sauya waɗannan ƙa'idodin da muke da su:

An zartar da kalmar tare da kyakkyawar alama zuwa ɗaya gefen daidaito, kuma an warware ƙarfin yanzu:

Valuesimar tushen ƙarfin lantarki da ƙarfin ƙarfin lantarki an sauya su:

Ofarfin halin da yake gudana ta hanyar sadarwa shine: i = 0,1 A

Voltagearfin wutar lantarki a ƙetare R.₁ es:

Voltagearfin wutar lantarki a ƙetare R.₂ es:

Sakamakon:

ƘARUWA zuwa dokar Kirchhoff

Nazarin Dokokin Kirchhoff (Dokar Kirchhoff na yanzu, Kirchhoff's voltage voltage), tare da Dokar Ohm, su ne tushen asali don nazarin kowace hanyar sadarwa ta lantarki.

Tare da dokar Kirchhoff ta yanzu wacce ta bayyana cewa adadin algebraic na igiyoyin da ke cikin kumburi ba komai bane, kuma dokar karfin wuta da ke nuna cewa adadin algebraic na voltages a cikin raga ba sifili ne, alakar da ke tsakanin igiyar ruwa da larura ana tantance su a kowace hanyar sadarwa ta lantarki na abubuwa biyu ko fiye.

Con el amplio uso de la electricidad en la industria, comercio, hogares, entre otros, las Leyes de Kirchhoff se utilizan diariamente para el estudio de infinidades de redes y sus aplicaciones.

Muna gayyatarku da su bar ra'ayoyinku, shakku ko neman sashi na biyu na wannan muhimmiyar DOKA ta KIRCHOFF kuma tabbas kuna iya ganin rubutunmu na baya kamar Kayan awo na lantarki (Ohmmeter, Voltmeter da Ammeter)